IACUC Learning Module - Primates

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Table 1 - CLASSIFICATION OF NONHUMAN PRIMATES

FEATUREPROSIMIANSNEW WORLD
PRIMATES		 OLD WORLD
PRIMATES
NoseRhinarium is moist, hairless, & the upper lip is tethered to the underlying gumShort face & dry nosesShort face & dry nose
Nostrilsvaries face sideways face downwards
Whiskerspresent absentabsent
Lipsimmobile mobilemobile
Cheek pouches absent absent found in Cercopitherinae
Earsrelatively large and mobilesmall and virtually immobilesmall and virtually immobile
Eyesface sideways face forward face forward
NailsToilet claw on 2nd digit of footNarrow & sharply curved; excludes Marmosets - clawsFlatten
Ischial callosities absent absent present (not as prominent in great apes)
Sex swellings absentabsent esp. prominent in Baboons, certain macaques, mangabeys, chimps  and talapoin
Tailsnon-prehensile some have prehensile tails,
such as the spider monkey		non-prehensile
Vitamin C
requirement		 NoYes Yes
Vitamin D
requirement		 D2 or D3 D3 D2 or D3

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